广东省511名技校教师睡眠质量调查与研究

Investigation and study on sleep quality of 511 technical school teachers in Guangdong Province

目的深入了解技校教师睡眠状况,为维护与提升教师睡眠质量提供数据支持。方法采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)等,对通过随机抽样方法抽取的广东省511名技校教师展开睡眠质量调查。结果技校教师低睡眠质量检出率达42.0%,26～30岁和31～40岁年龄段教师低睡眠质量检出率较高,分别为47.3%和47.1%。教师低睡眠质量检出率与周课时量有关,承担课时越多低睡眠质量检出率越高,周课时在12节以上的教师低睡眠质量检出率达46.1%,周课时超过19节的教师低睡眠质量检出率达60.4%。教师情绪耗竭与低个人成就感会影响教师睡眠质量,自我效能感高的教师更善于掌控情绪耗竭,从而减少对睡眠的不良影响。结论对教师职业倦怠应给予重视,设置合适的周课时量;教学管理上应注重提升教师自我效能,教师个人应有意识的自我调整。对刚入职的年轻教师和中年教师及收入较低的教师给予重点关注。未来研究方向是加强对教师自我效能的干预研究。

Objective To understand the sleep quality of technical school teacher and to provide data support to improve their sleep quality.Methods The Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale(PSQI)was selected to survey 511 technical school teachers in Guangdong Province through random sampling method.Results Poor sleep quality detection rate of technical school teachers was 42.0%.The teachers in the age groups of 26~30 and 31~40 years old had higher poor sleep quality detection rates:47.3% and 47.1% respectively.Teachers'poor sleep quality detection rate was related with amount of courses they undertook per week.The more courses they undertook,the higher poor sleep quality detection rate.The poor sleep quality detection rate among the teacher who had 12 more courses per week was 46.1%,and among the teachers who undertook 19 more courses per week,the poor sleep quality detection rate was 60.4%.Teachers'emotional exhaustion and low personal accomplishment would affecting teachers'sleep quality,high self-efficacy of teachers was better at controlling emotional exhaustion,thus reducing the adverse effects of sleep.Conclusions Teacher's job burnout and self-efficacy should be given more attention.For teachers'individual should have the consciousness of self-adjustment.More attention should be paid to young,middle-aged and low income teacher.The study of the intervention of teachers'self-efficacy should be strengthened in the future research.