低表面能化合物在超浸润材料中的应用

Application of Low Surface Energy Compounds to the Superwetting Materials

近年来,由于超浸润材料在自清洁、微流体传输和生物相容性等方面的潜在应用,具有极端润湿性的超浸润材料成为了材料领域的一个研究热点。研究表明,除材料表面微纳米结构的构筑外,材料表面能的控制也是制备超浸润材料的另一关键因素。随着对超浸润材料润湿性机理研究的深入,许多不同结构不同类型的低表面能化合物也越来越多地被应用于超浸润材料的制备中。本文从分子结构、化合物类型等角度出发,综述了超浸润材料制备中所大量应用的低表面能化合物,并归纳了pH值、温度、浓度及溶剂等因素对材料低表面能化的影响,总结了低表面能化合物在提高机械强度、制备润湿性转换材料和不同浸润性修饰中的选择和应用情况,最后提出了低表面能化合物应用的一些不足之处并对其发展方向进行了展望。

Recently, the superwetting materials have become a new research hotspot due to their potential application in self-cleaning, microfluidics transmission, biocompatibility etc. In addition to the creating of rough micro-nanoscale structure, the control of surface energy of the materials is also a vital factor for fabricating the superwetting materials. With the deepening of research on the mechanism of the wettability of superwetting surface, more and more kinds of low surface energy compounds with different structures have been used to decrease the surface energy. Based on the molecular structures and compound types, this paper reviews the low surface energy compounds in fabricating the superwetting materials, concludes the effects of pH value, temperature, concentration and solvent on the low surface energy materials, and summarizes the selection and application of low surface energy compounds for improving the mechanical strength, and preparing materials of wettability transformation and different wettability modification. Finally, some existing problems are discussed and the future research directions in this field are proposed.