乌腺金丝桃和长柱金丝桃生药鉴别研究

Identification of Pharmacognosy of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy. and Hypericum ascyrom L.

目的:研究乌腺金丝桃和长柱金丝桃的生药学鉴别特征并与贯叶金丝桃进行比较,为这3种金丝桃属植物的使用提供质量保证。方法:采用基源、性状和显微鉴别的方法对乌腺金丝桃和长柱金丝桃的原植物形态、药材性状及显微特征进行研究,并将结果与贯叶金丝桃进行比较,写出检索表。结果:长柱金丝桃、乌腺金丝桃和贯叶金丝桃3种金丝桃属植物在形态上主要在茎的高矮、叶上腺体分布、花的颜色及腺点分布和种子颜色及有无龙骨状突起方面不同;性状上三者主要在茎的长短、叶的排列及腺点分布、花的颜色及蒴果是否有腺点分布方面不同;显微特征的区别主要在茎叶是否有分泌细胞团和气孔是否有二联式方面。结论:可以从基源、性状和显微特征三方面区别长柱金丝桃、乌腺金丝桃和贯叶连翘,为正确使用这3种金丝桃属药用植物奠定重要理论基础。

Objective: To provide quality assurance for the use of these three Hypericum species by studying the pharmacognostic characteristics of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy.and Hypericum ascyrom L.and comparing them with Hypericum perforatum L.Method: The original plant morphology, medicinal properties and microscopic characteristics of Hypericum attenuatum Choisy.and Hypericum ascyrom L.were studied by the methods of botanic origin, characters and microscopic identification, and the results were compared with Hypericum perforatum L.Results: The differences in morphology were mainly in height of stem, distribution of leaves glands, the color of flower, glandular point distribution,the seed color and the presence of carinate protrusions within three hypericum species.The characters on the three were major in the length of stem, arrangement of leaves and glandular point distribution, the color of flower and whether have glandular point distribution in capsule or not.The main differences in the microscopic characteristics were whether the stems and leaves have secretory nodules, and types of duplex stomatal apparatus or not.Conclusion: Hypericum attenuatum Choisy.Hypericum ascyrom L., and Hypericum perforatum L.can be identificated from three aspects: origin, characters and microscopic characteristics, which lays an important theoretical basis for the correct use of these three Hypericum medicinal plants.