延安宋金石窟地藏造像的考察与研究

An Investigative Study on the Ksitigarbha Statues in the Grottoes at Yan'an from the Song and Jin Dynasties

本文对延安宋金石窟中的16例地藏、十王及地狱图像进行了详细考察。根据图像来源的不同,将其分为地藏二尊像、地藏三尊像和地藏与天藏像三类,其中,金地藏与道明、闵公组合图像的揭示,将金地藏信仰及相关故事、图像的形成时间由明代提前到了北宋中期。对地藏十王造像进行分类研究,并对宜川贺家沟石窟的十王地狱图像进行了考释。对地藏十王与观音十六罗汉、涅槃图像的组合分别进行了深入剖析,并认为劝恶向善、救度生人、救拔亡者是延安宋金石窟地藏造像的核心内涵。

This paper make a detailed investigation of the sixteen cases of the Buddhist images located in the Yanan cite which are dig in the Song and Jin dynasities. Firstly, according to the different sources of the image,this article divide them into three different types. Some newly discovered image materials reveals the following fact that the forming time of the Jindizang belief and its images can date to the middle of the Song dynasty. Secondly, we make a classified study of Ten Kings statues, and make textual research of the Hell Variable images which are discoveried in the Hejiagou grotto of Yichuan county. Thirdly, on the basis of making further analysis to the combination of several kinds of images, we make the conclusion that the core connotation of the Ksitigarbha statue in the Song and Jin dynasities which located in the Yanan city are taking across human beings universally and persuding them to do the good things.