失独父母创伤后应激障碍症状及相关因素

Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and its related factors among parents who lost their single child

目的:探讨失独父母的创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状随失独年限变化的特点及相关因素。方法:以我国五省十市为调查点,选取373位失独父母开展调查,使用创伤后应激障碍筛查量表(PCL-5)、简版流调中心抑郁量表(CES-D-10)对其心理创伤症状进行评估。结果:失独父母PTSD症状筛查阳性率为57. 1%(213/373),症状B、C、D、E的筛查阳性率分别为77. 7%(290/373)、75. 9%(283/373)、71. 0%(265/373)和68. 6%(256/373)。回归分析表明,家庭经济状况能够负向预测PCL-5和症状D得分,即经济状况越好症状得分越低(β=-0. 13～-0. 10,P <0. 05);孩子去世年龄能够负向预测PCL-5、症状B和D得分,即孩子去世时年龄越小创伤症状得分越高(β=-0. 12～-0. 10,P <0. 05);CES-D得分能够正向预测PCL-5及其子症状得分(β=0. 67～0. 78,P <0. 05)。结论:失独父母创伤后应激障碍症状的筛查阳性率较高,其创伤症状受家庭经济情况、孩子去世的年龄和抑郁症状等因素的影响较为明显。

Objective:To investigate the prevalence rates of the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder( PTSD) among the parents who lost their single child and related factors.Methods:Totally 373 parents who lost their single child from ten cities of five provinces in China were recruited in this investigation, and the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5( PCL-5) and a short Chinese version of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale( CES-D-10) were used to evaluate their traumatic symptoms.Results:The rates of PTSD symptom and its four symptom clusters were 57.1%( 213/373),77.7%( 290/373),75.9%( 283/373),71.0%( 265/373),68.6%( 256/373) respectively.Family economic situation could negatively predict PCL-5 and symptom D( β =-0.13--0.11,P<0.05).The age of the child’ s death also negatively predicted PCL-5,symptom B and D( β =-0.12--0.10,P<0.05).PCL-5 and its four symptom clusters were positively predicted by CES-D score( β = 0.67-0.78,P<0.05).Conclusion:Parents who lost their single child experienced higher traumatic symptoms,and the symptoms were influenced by economic conditions,child’ s age at death,and depressive symptom.