“各说各话”的语言经验影响景颇族大学生的执行功能与心理理论

Analysis of the Positive Effects of Jingpo Language Experience on Executive Function and the Theory of Mind

通过测量景颇族"各说各话"大学生与"非各说各话"大学生的执行功能和心理理论,考察"各说各话"的语言经验是否对成人的执行功能与心理理论产生积极影响。执行功能包括抑制能力、刷新能力和转换能力,心理理论包括社会知觉成分和社会认知成分。结果表明:(1)两组被试的抑制能力和转换能力差异显著,刷新能力差异不显著;(2)两组被试在心理理论高水平认知成分上差异显著,"各说各话"者的成绩高于"非各说各话"者,说明语言经验影响认知功能。

The participants of this study are 56 Jingpo college students in Yunnan Province, and they are divided into two groups of students of "speaking in their own dialect" and students of "non–speaking in their own dialect". Both groups are investigated in their executive function and the theory of mind. The executive function includes inhibition, updating, and shifting, while the theory of mind includes social–perceptual and social–cognitive components. The results show that 1) there are significant differences between the two groups in their inhibition and switching ability not including updating ability;and 2) the first group of students have better scores in the high-level false belief task than the second group, indicating that language experience may have different effects on different cognitive subcomponents.