2017年广东省佛山市孕妇碘营养状况调查

Status of iodine nutrition in pregnant women in Foshan City, Guangdong Province in 2017

目的 了解广东省佛山市妊娠期妇女碘营养状况,为孕妇科学补碘提供依据。 方法 2017年,以佛山市禅城区、南海区、顺德区、三水区和高明区5个区为监测点。采用分层随机抽样的方法,每个监测点按东、西、南、北、中划分为5个抽样片区,每个片区各抽取1个乡镇(街道),每个乡镇(街道)抽取20名孕妇,进行尿样及其家中食用盐盐样的碘含量监测。 结果 共采集孕妇家庭食用盐盐样500份,盐碘中位数为24.8 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率为95.8%(479/500),碘盐覆盖率为99.0%(495/500);各监测点孕妇家庭食用盐碘含量比较差异有统计学意义(H = 26.9,P < 0.05)。共检测孕妇尿样500份,尿碘中位数为138.9 μg/L,各监测点孕妇尿碘含量比较差异有统计学意义(H = 14.5,P < 0.05);不同孕期妇女尿碘含量比较差异无统计学意义(H = 2.6,P > 0.05)。 结论 广东省佛山市孕妇碘营养处于缺乏状态(< 150 μg/L),需要进一步加强重点人群的健康教育,改善孕妇碘营养状况。

Objective To study the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in Foshan City, Guangdong Province, and to provide basis for iodine supplementation scientifically for them. Methods In 2017, five districts Chancheng, Nanhai, Shunde, Sanshui and Gaoming in Foshan were selected. Each monitoring site was divided into five sections according to stratified random sampling in five directions: east, west, south, north and middle. One township (street) was taken in each section, and 20 pregnant women were taken from each township(street) to detected their family salt iodine and urinary iodine levels. Results A total of 500 edible salt samples were collected from the families of pregnant women, the median of salt iodine was 24.8 mg/kg, the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 95.8% (479/500), and the iodized salt coverage rate was 99.0% (495/500). There was a statistically significant difference in the iodine content of edible salt of pregnant women in diffierent districts(H= 26.9, P < 0.05). A total of 500 urine samples were collected from pregnant women, the median of urinary iodine was 138.9 μg/L. There was a statistically significant difference in the levels of urinary iodine content of pregnant women in different districts (H= 14.5, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in urinary iodine of pregnant women during different stages of pregnancy (H= 2.6, P > 0.05). Conclusions The iodine intake for pregnant women is in a state of deficiency (< 150 μg/L) in Foshan of Guangdong Province. It is necessary to further strengthen the health education of key populations, and improve the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women.