红外热成像技术在兔股静脉结扎模拟静脉完全栓塞模型中的应用价值

Application of infrared thermal imaging in the rabbit femoral vein complete embolization model simulated by ligation

目的探讨红外热成像技术(IRTI)在新西兰白兔股静脉结扎所致静脉完全栓塞模型中的应用价值。方法利用经典股静脉结扎法构建新西兰白兔后肢股静脉完全栓塞模型,所有模型均以右侧结扎,左侧假手术对照,分别在术前、术后即刻、术后12 h和术后48 h采集外周血,ELISA方法进行炎症因子白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-8和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的检测;分别在术前(T1)、术后即刻(T2)及术后48 h (T3) 3个时点行IRTI并分析;并在T3时点检测完毕后处死兔,观察双侧股静脉并取材,进行核因子-κB(NF-κB)的免疫组化检测。结果所有实验兔右侧后肢均略有肿胀且活动略有受限。不同时间点外周血炎症因子差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05),但是实验侧股静脉局部有炎症因子NF-κB阳性表达。红外热成像表达显示,在T1时点,两侧红外表达基本呈相对对称性分布; T2时点,两侧的体表温度均较T1时点降低,但双侧表达呈不对称性分布,呈现出结扎侧较对照侧异常温度增高的红外热像轨迹; T3时点的红外辐射轨迹与T2时点相似,呈现典型的不对成性,但是,对照侧红外表达已经与T1期相吻合,而结扎侧则出现更为显著的异常高温。结论兔股静脉结扎型所致的经典的完全性栓塞中不会导致外周血炎症因子水平的增高,但局部组织会有炎症反应;而红外检测具有典型的红外热成像轨迹特征表达,将有助于深静脉血栓形成的诊断与早期发现。

Objective To investigate the application of the infrared thermal imaging( IRTI) in the model of complete vein embolization caused by femoral vein ligation in New Zealand white rabbits.Methods The proposed model in this study is established by classical extracorporeal ligation performed on right femora vein,and the left served as sham operation controlling side.Peripheral blood was collected before operation,and 2 hours,12 hours and 48 hours after operation.The inflammatory factors( IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α) were detected by ELISA.IRTI were performed at T1( preoperative base point),T2( the moment after operation) and T3( 48 hours after operation).The rabbits were sacrificed at T3,and bilateral femoral veins were observed and taken for immunohistochemical detection of NF-κB.Results The ligation side of all experimental rabbits had slightly swollen and limited activity.There were no statistical differences in peripheral blood inflammatory factors among different time points,but there was a positive expression of inflammatory factor NF-κB in the experimental femoral vein detected by immunohistochemical examination.The IRTI presented a relative symmetric distribution on both sides at T1.At T2,the body surface temperature of both sides was lower than that at T1,with asymmetry distribution that higher temperature on ligated side.The infrared thermal imaging trajectory at T3 were similar to that of T2,while the temperature of the control side was recovered to the level of temperature of T1.Conclusion Classical femoral vein embolism caused by ligatures in rabbits does not lead to the increase of inflammatory factors in peripheral blood,but ligated femoral vein has the inflammatory response.IRTI detection has a typical IRTI trajectory characteristics,which could be used for early diagnosis of DVT.