围封对苦豆子群落多样性及土壤微生物的影响

Effect of Enclosure on Diversity and Soil Microbial of Sophora alopecuroides Community

以宁夏盐池县典型荒漠草原围封草地和放牧草地苦豆子群落为研究对象,采用野外调查与室内试验结合的方法,研究了围封对苦豆子群落植物多样性及土壤微生物数量等特征的影响,以期为荒漠草原植被恢复与治理提供参考。结果表明:围栏内物种数(15)少于围栏外(18)(围栏内以禾本科为主,围栏外禾本科、菊科、藜科占优势);围封样地苦豆子(Sophora alopecuroides)群落整体的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数与Pielou均匀度指数大于围栏外,多年生草本与之相似,一二年生草本与之相反;土壤微生物中细菌数量最多、放线菌次之、真菌最少,并随着土层加深而减少,围封样地微生物数多聚集在20cm以下;植物物种多样性与细菌、放线菌在围栏外样地有显著相关关系,与真菌在围栏内样地显著相关。围封增加了多年生草本植物多样性,影响微生物的土层间分布。

The grassland and grazing grasses of the typical desert steppe in Yanchi county of Ningxia were used as the research object,the effects of the enclosure on the plant diversity and soil microbial population of the Sophora alopecuroides community were studied by field investigation and laboratory experiments.In order to provide reference for the restoration and treatment of desert steppe vegetation.The results showed that the number of species inside the fence(15)was less than that outside the fence(18).Gramineae was dominated inside the fence,Gramineae,Compositac and Polygonaceae were dominated outside the fence.The overall Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Simpson dominance index and Pielou evenness index were larger inside the fence than those outside the fence.Perennial herbs were similar,and annual and biennial herbs were the opposite;the soil microorganisms had the most bacteria,the actinomycetes were the second,and the fungi at least,and with the deepening of the soil layer,the microorganism number in the enclosing sample mostly accumulated below 20 cm;the diversity of plant species was significantly correlated with the bacteria and actinomycetes outside the fence,and with the fungus inside the fence.The enclosure increases the diversity of perennial herbaceous plants and affects the microbial distribution of different soil layers.