草原生态保护补奖政策对牧户收入影响的实证分析

Effect of grassland ecological protection subsidy policy on households' income

草原生态保护补助奖励政策目的是通过给牧户发放补贴鼓励其减畜,并不断拓宽牧户增收渠道,保障其收入水平的稳定提高。为了科学的评价草原补奖政策的实施效果,基于内蒙古8个纯牧业旗511户实地调研样本数据,采用倾向得分匹配法处理样本选择偏误和内生性问题,实证分析了内蒙古草原补奖政策对牧户收入结构的影响效果。研究结果表明:在控制社会经济因素的影响下,草原补奖政策的实施对不超载牧户的总收入和非畜牧业收入有显著提升作用,分别较其不参与政策情形下的收入增加了49. 4%和142. 8%,但对畜牧业收入的提升作用并不显著,这表明政策仍需进一步完善。基于此研究结论,草原补奖政策应调整补偿方式,在原有资金补偿的基础上,更应注重提升牧民执业技能,提高牧民非畜牧业就业质量,进一步保障草原牧区牧民民生水平的稳定提高。

The arms of grassland ecological protection subsidy are to give subsidies to encourage the reduction of livestocks,constantly expand the ways to increase household incomes,and secur the steady increase of the income level. In order to scientifically evaluate the implement of grassland award policy,511 herds in 8 pure animal husbandry'counties of Inner Mongolia were investigated. Based on the sample data,by using propensity score matching method to deal with the sample selection bias and endogeneity,the effect of grassland complement award policy in Inner Mongolia on households' income were analyzed. The results show that: under the conditions that controlled the effects of social economic factors,the grassland compensation and rewards policy had significantly improved the total income of those households that were not overloaded and the income of non animal husbandry. Compared with those who did not participate in the case,the income increased by 49. 3% and 142.8%,but the promotion effect on animal husbandry income was not significant. It showed that the policy still needs to be further improved. Based on this research conclusion,the compensation policy should be adjusted in the prairie subsidy policy. On the basis of the original compensation fund,we should pay more attention to improving the practice skills of the herdsmen,improve the quality of herdsmen's non grazing employment,and further protect and improve the level of livelihood of the herdsmen in the pastoral area.