古代伊斯兰文明中的世界主义

Cosmopolitanism of Ancient Islamic Civilization

古代伊斯兰文明中的世界主义有悠久的历史和多维的展现,主要体现在古代伊斯兰的社会文化生活、宗教政治思想、哲学思想及历史地理研究等诸多领域,并长期以来在上述领域占据重要地位。从社会文化生活来看,世界主义主要体现在伊斯兰社会的民族构成、宗教状况、语言状况、学术状况及其与世界各地的互动状况等方面。从宗教政治思想领域来看,世界主义主要体现在对宗教多元、宗教大同、民族平等以及世界和平等主张的阐述。从哲学思想领域来看,世界主义主要体现在对中道理念和人本理念的宣扬。从历史地理研究层面来看,世界主义主要体现在对于"伊斯兰中心"的历史地理观的突破,进而在"世界/人类中心"的历史地理观的指导下所开展的诸种研究之中。

In ancient Islamic civilization,cosmopolitanism had experienced longterm evolutions. It possessed multidimensional manifestations,which were mainly embodied in ancient Islamic socio-cultural life,ancient Islamic religious thought,political thought,philosophical thought,and historical and geographical research. In the socio-cultural realm,cosmopolitanism could be observed playing an important role in shaping ancient Islamic social national structure,religion,living conditions,language distribution, academic status, as well as the interaction between the Islamic world and other. In the realms of Islamic religion and political thought,cosmopolitanism was important in the discussion of topics such as religious pluralism, religious unionism,national egalitarianism,and world pacifism. In the realm of ancient Islamic philosophical thought,cosmopolitanism was reflected in such topics like relativism and humanism. In the realm of ancient Islamic historical and geographical research,cosmopolitanism could be perceived as a kind of perspective that displaced Islam-centralism and embraced cosmopolitanism or anthropocentrism.