C波段SAR地物散射稳定特性分析与提取方法

Analyzing and extracting stable feature of target backscattering for C-band SAR

SAR图像的绝对辐射精度直接影响SAR定量化应用水平,现有基于定标器的绝对辐射定标方法难以对SAR系统进行持续监测。如能在普通场景中找到一种稳定的散射特征量,则可将其作为参考实现常态化定标。针对C波段SAR图像,建立不同类别地物散射样本库,分析发现城区的后向散射系数中值重心具有良好的时间稳定性,进而提出一种基于神经网络的城区地物精筛与散射稳定特性提取方法。测试数据及与热带雨林数据的比较实验表明,该方法提取的散射稳定特性可用于SAR系统的常态化辐射定标。

The absolute radiometric accuracy of synthetic aperture radar(SAR) images directly affects the quantitative applications of SAR. It is difficult to continuously monitor SAR systems using conventional calibrator-based methods. However, if a stable backscattering feature can be observed in a common scene, its value can be used as a reference to ensure the routine calibration. In this study, a scattering sample database, which includes several different categories, is built using C-band SAR images, and the analysis of the results depicts that the median center of the backscattering coefficient in urban area is relatively stable over time. Further, a neural network-based method is presented and it can be used to finely filter the urban targets and extract stable backscattering feature. This method is validated by using the test data and a contrast experiment with rainforest data. This further illustrates that the stable feature extracted using this method can be used to perform routine radiometric calibration of SAR systems.