焦虑、认同与中国高等教育现代化

Anxiety, Identity and the Modernization of Higher Education in China

"焦虑"是现代性的普遍性症候,对于中国具有特殊意义。近代以来,中国高等教育曾因空前的民族危机、文化危机而引发严重的文化"焦虑"现象。然而,"焦虑"既成为了中国高等教育现代化的动力,又在某种程度上制约着中国高等教育现代化进程。百余年来,中国已经基本实现了由高等教育现代化"追赶者"向"并肩者"的跨越,正在努力向着高等教育现代化"领先者"目标迈进。当代中国高等教育怎样走出"焦虑"、重塑"认同"其实质是在一个不均衡的世界高等教育体系中如何辨识"自我"、塑造"自我",努力探索高等教育现代化的"中国模式"。为此,需要进一步提升文化自觉,树立文化自信,有效应对高等教育现代化过程中"依附"与"自主"的冲突。

"Anxiety" is a universal symptom of modernity,and it is of special significance to China.Since modern times,China’s higher education has caused a serious phenomenon of cultural "anxiety" because of the unprecedented national crisis and cultural crisis.However,"anxiety" has not only become the motive force of the modernization of China’s higher education,but also restricts the process of the modernization of higher education in China.Over the past hundred years,China has basically realized the leap from "pursuer" to "the abreast" in the modernization of higher education.Nowadays,it is working towards the goal of "leader" of higher education modernization.How does China’s higher education go out of "anxiety" and reshape "identity" ? Does its essence mean how to "identify oneself" and "shape oneself" in an unbalanced world higher education system,and strive to explore the "Chinese mode" of the modernization of higher education? To this end,we need to further promote cultural consciousness,establish cultural confidence,and effectively deal with the conflict between "dependence" and "independence" in the process of higher education modernization.