基于间充质干细胞的小分子化学药物肿瘤靶向递送系统研究进展

Application of mesenchymal stem cells in antineoplastic drugs delivery for tumor-targeted therapy

近年来,大量研究通过细胞内化或细胞膜结合的方式将生物大分子或小分子化学药物负载于间充质干细胞(MSC)上,利用其天然的肿瘤归巢特性实现药物的靶向递送,继而通过在靶部位药物的释放或基因表达,达到肿瘤治疗的目的。基因修饰MSC的研究较为成熟,而递送小分子化学药物的研究起步较晚。本文从MSC肿瘤迁移机制、细胞注射后体内分布特点入手,总结了MSC在小分子化学药物肿瘤靶向递送中的研究;同时介绍了MSC与原型药物、载药纳米粒构建的复合系统的载药、释药过程,展望了该系统遇到的挑战和应用前景。

In recent years,a large number of studies have achieved tumor targeting by mesenchymal stem cells(MSC)-based delivery system attributed to the tumor tropism of MSCs.Biomacromolecules and antineoplastic drugs loaded on MSC via internalization or cell membrane anchoring can be released or expressed at tumor site to perform their antitumor effects.The genetically modified MSC are extensively studied,however,the applications of MSCs in targeted delivery of antineoplastic drug with small molecules are not well summarized.In this review,MSCs homing mechanism and the distribution of injected MSCs in vivo is introduced;the examples of antitumor drugprimed MSCs and drug loaded MSCs are presented;the drug loading and releasing process from MSCs is also illustrated;finally,challenges and future perspectives of MSCs-based drug delivery system on realizing its full potential are prospected.