伊丽莎白·毕肖普的“他者”诗学

Elizabeth Bishop's Poetics of “the Other”

伊丽莎白·毕肖普的诗歌声名很大程度上依赖于她对事物卓越的观察力、对意象精妙的呈现及其对生命透彻的洞察。在她的旅人生活中,毕肖普好似本雅明笔下的"游荡者",她步伐平缓,目光却敏锐打量着周围的人与世界。自然、动物、女性、孩童等弱势群体成为其诗歌关注的对象。本文旨在探索毕肖普对这些"他者"群体的观察中所蕴含的诗人对以"人—男性—自我"为中心的压迫机制与性别政治暴力的批判以及对"他者"面向伦理的勇敢追求。

Elizabeth Bishop’s reputation as a poet relies largely on her superb observation of things, her subtle presentation of images and her penetrating insight into life. In her life as traveler, she, like a flaneur as described by Walter Benjamin, walked placidly, observing people and the world around attentively. Nature and vulnerable groups such as animals, women and children became subject matters of her poetry. This essay aims to explore Bishop’s criticism of the oppressive violence of sexual politics based on human-centered, male-centered, and self-centered consciousness while discussing her sympathy for "the Other-oriented" ethical pursuits and values, which are embodied in her observation on these groups of "the Other."