中国29省公众母乳喂养知识网络调查

Breastfeeding knowledge among Chinese people in 29 provinces: a webbased survey

目的了解中国公众母乳喂养知识现状,为开展母乳喂养宣传教育提供科学依据。方法采用自拟的10道母乳喂养知识选择题,于2017年8月1——7日"世界母乳喂养周"期间,在全国29个省52所妇幼保健机构向公众推送母乳喂养知识竞答链接,共收集74 785条公众数据(不包含医务人员),使用方差分析及χ~2检验分别对答题者得分及正确率进行统计分析。结果答题者母乳喂养知识平均分为(7.88±1.89)分;初乳和停乳指征认知正确率较低,分别为43.9%和67.7%。高中/中专及以下、孕妇、<1月龄儿童照养人对按需哺乳和母乳充足指征认知正确率均<70%。结论中国公众对初乳、停乳指征、按需哺乳、母乳充足指征等知识掌握不足,应加强对文化程度较低者、孕妇及新生儿照养人的宣传教育。

Objective To examine the status of breastfeeding knowledge among Chinese people nowadays and to provide evidences for health education on breastfeeding.Methods We conducted a web-based survey using a self-designed 10-item questionnaire on breastfeeding knowledge;the questionnaire interlinkage was recommended to people through 52 maternal and child health care institutions located in 29 provinces during the period of World Breastfeeding Week 2017. Then the data on 74 785 respondents other than medical staff were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square test.Results Among the respondents, the average score of breastfeeding knowledge was 7.88 ±1.89;the proportion of having correct cognition on colostrum and indicators of stopping breastfeeding was 43.9% and 67.7%, respectively. The proportion of having correct cognition of on demand breastfeeding and indicators of inadequate breast milk were both less than 70% among the respondents with the education of senior high school/technical secondary school or lower, pregnant women, and the caregivers of infants less than one month old.Conclusion In general, the public in China have inadequate cognition about colostrum, indicators of stopping breastfeeding, on demand breastfeeding, and indicators of adequate breast milk. The health education on breastfeeding should be promoted among the people with lower education, being pregnant, and taking care of newborns.