南昌市高中生超重肥胖流行现状调查

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among senior high school students in Nanchang city

目的分析南昌市高中生超重与肥胖现状并与美国疾病预防控制中心监测数据做比较,探讨高中生体型自我认知与超重肥胖的联系。方法于2015年6月对南昌市所有高中采取分层整群随机抽样,抽取5所高中进行调查。调查问卷由高中生危险行为监测问卷翻译修改而成。计算BMI值,按照WGOC标准和IOTF标准评价超重和肥胖,通过χ~2检验比较不同类别高中生超重肥胖情况,计算Kappa(kw)值比较WGOC标准与IOTF标准间的一致程度。结果本次共调查高中生884人,男女性别比为1:1.16;被调查者中128人年龄≤15岁,385人16岁,347人年龄≥17岁;WGOC标准下南昌市高中生超重率13.69%,肥胖率3.62%;高中生超重logistic回归分析显示,男性超重报告率高于女性(OR=4.54,P <0.001),每天看电视≥1小时(OR=1.91,P=0.023),一周吃水果≥4次(OR=2.09,P=0.004)为超重的危险因素。结论南昌市高中生超重肥胖流行现状处于较低水平,高中生对于体重的自我认知存在偏差,缺乏健康意识,无法合理地对自己的胖瘦程度进行科学的估计。

Objective To analyze the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the association of self-cognition on physique with overweight and obesity among senior high school students in Nanchang city and to compare the prevalence with the data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of United States.Methods We conducted a survey among senior high school students recruited in 5 high schools with stratified random cluster sampling in Nanchang city during June 2015. The Youth Risk Behavior Survey System Questionnaire (Chinese version) was adopted in the survey. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and overweight and obesity were determined according to the criterion of Working Group of Obesity in China (WGOC) and International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) among the students. Difference in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among various student groups was analyzed using Chi-square test and the consistency between WGOC and IOTF criterion was assessed with Kappa (kw) value.Results Of the 884 students surveyed, 128 were ≤ 15 years old;385 were aged 16;and 347 were ≥ 17 years old. The male to female ratio of the students was 1:1.16. Among the students, the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity were 13.69% and 3.62% based on WGOC criterion. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that significant risk factors of overweight among the students included male gender (odds ratio[OR]=4.54, P < 0.001), watching television one hour or more per day (OR=1.91, P=0.023), and eating fruit four or more times a week (OR=2.09, P=0.004).Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity is at a low level among senior high school students in Nanchang city and the biased cognition on overweigh results in unreasonable estimation of overweight or obesity among the students.