试论张宇初龙虎山诗歌的隐逸情怀

On the seclusion of Zhang Yuchu's Longhushan poetry

身为天师的张宇初不仅炼丹修仙,而且吟诗作画,留下大量作品,尤其是诗歌。其诗内容丰富,涵盖较广,几乎就是他人生轨迹的实录。在这众多诗歌作品的背后,两样东西显得尤为突出——道与隐。在他身上,二者得到了有机融合,道亦隐,隐亦道,亦道亦隐。张宇初具有浓厚的隐逸情绪,这些隐逸情绪贯穿其诗句,影响着诗人对意象的裁取、诗艺的运用,故而其诗歌充满山林野逸之趣,既展示了一代天师的思想旨趣,也表现出诗人独具一格的审美趣味。

As a Tianshi(heavenly master),Zhang Yuchu not only cultivated the alchemy,but also chanted poetry and painted pictures,leaving a lot of works,especially poetry.His poems are rich in content and cover a wide range,which is almost a record of his life.Behind these numerous poems,two things are particularly prominent --Tao and seclusion,which have been organically integrated,that is,Tao is seclusion,and vice versa.Zhang Yuchu has a strong seclusion emotion,which runs through his poems and affects his use of imagery and the art of poetry.Therefore,his poems are full of interest in the mountains and forests,showing the intellectual interest of a generation of Tianshi and the unique aesthetic taste of the poet.