台湾学童家长视力保健管教及其子女数码产品的使用

Parental mediation of children's vision care and digital technology use in Taiwan

目的探讨台湾学童家长视力保健管教及其子女数码科技产品使用的相关因素,为降低学童过度使用数码科技产品的风险提供参考。方法采用机率比率抽样方法,选取台北和屏东2017—2018学年度第2学期的小学中低年级学童家长3 249名,以自拟自填式问卷进行调查。结果家长对学童使用数码科技产品的视力保健信念、管教效能及管教行为得分分别为(3.26±0.43)(3.85±0.76)(2.57±0.37)分。学童平均每周使用数码科技产品时间为(6.79±9.84) h。多元回归分析结果显示,父母共同生活、学童没有上网设备、家长假日使用数码科技产品时间越少、家长对学童使用数码科技产品的视力保健信念越好、管教效能越好、行动线索越多,则家长的视力保健管教行为越好(P值均<0.05);学童年级越高,低/中低家庭收入、父母离婚/分居等、学童拥有上网设备、家长假日使用数码科技产品时间越多、家长的视力保健管教行为越少,则学童使用数码科技产品的时间越多(P值均<0.05)。结论学校与社区可多办理视力保健与数码科技使用亲职教育及亲子共学,强化家长对学童数码科技产品使用的视力保健管教。

Objective This study aims to explore factors associated with parental mediation of children's vision care and digital technology use.Methods By using a probability-proportionate sampling method,a total of 3 249 parents of junior primary school students completed the self-administered questionnaire in second semester of 2018 from Taipei and Pingtung.Results Parents had moderate scores in children's vision care beliefs,self-efficacy and parental mediation.Children spent an average of 7 hours on digital technology use per week.Multiple regression analysis results showed that parents who had intact family,not providing children with personal digital technology devices,spent less time in digital technology devices,and had higher levels of vision care beliefs,higher/nediation efficacy,and more cues to action were more likely to have higher levels of vision care mediation behaviors. Whereas children who were at senior grades,low household income,from non-intact families,owned personal digital technology devices,whose parents spent more time using digital technology devices and implementing low levels of parental mediation were more likely to spend more time using digital technology devices.Conclusion Schools and communities could provide more parental training and parent-child co-learning opportunities to enhance parental mediation of children's vision care behavior and reduce excessive digital technology use.