农村幼儿教师职业倦怠与社会支持的相关性

Correlation between job burnout and social support among rural preschool teachers

目的分析农村幼儿教师职业倦怠与社会支持的关系,为有针对性地提高幼儿教师的社会支持水平提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取四川省3个市的农村幼儿教师809名,利用教师职业倦怠量表(MBI-ES)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对被试教师进行问卷调查,运用Pearson相关分析法、典型相关分析法探讨幼儿教师职业倦怠与社会支持的相关关系。结果 Pearson相关分析中,除职业倦怠中的情绪衰竭维度外,其余各维度得分与社会支持各维度及总得分均存在负相关(P值均<0.01);典型相关分析中,得到1对有统计学意义的典型变量,典型相关系数为0.421,贡献率为81.4%(P<0.01);反映职业倦怠的第1典型变量V_1主要由X_3(低成就感)决定,反映社会支持的第1典型变量W_1主要由Y_2(主观支持)和Y_3(对支持的利用度)决定。结论农村幼儿教师职业倦怠与社会支持水平具有相关性。建议有针对性地提高幼儿教师的社会支持水平,增加其在工作中的成就感,以减轻职业倦怠。

Objective To analyze the relationship between job burnout and social support of rural preschool teachers. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used to select 809 rural preschool teachers from 3 prefectures cities in Sichuan province.Teachers' Job Burnout Scale (MBI-ESN)and Social Support Assessment form (SSRS)was implemented.Pearson correlation analysis and canonical correlation analysis were used to explore the correlation between preschool teachers'job burnout and social support.Results Person correlation analysis found negative associations between all dimension of job burnout with each dimension of social support,as well as total score (P<0.01)except the emotional exhaustion dimension with objective support dimension of social support.In the canonical correlation analysis,a pair of typical variables was identified,with correlation coefficient of 0.421,contributing 81.4%(P<0.01);the first typical variable reflecting job burnout was mainly decided by X3(low achievement feelings).The first typical variable W1 reflecting social support was mainly determined by Y2(subjective support)and Y3 (utilization of support).Conclusion Job burnout of rural preschool teachers correlates with social support.The results point to the need to develop different forms of social support to deal with job burnout among teachers working in preschools.