重庆市2015—2017年农村学校厕所卫生状况

Rural school toilet sanitation in Chongqing during 2015-2017

目的了解重庆市农村学校厕所卫生状况,为改善农村学校环境卫生状况提供依据。方法 2015—2017年在重庆市选取的10个监测县中,每个监测县选择5个乡镇,每个乡镇选择初中、小学各1所学校,通过查阅学校资料、现场查看和访谈进行厕所卫生状况的调查。结果共调查重庆市农村中小学校265所,其中小学144所,初中121所。2015—2017年学校公厕为卫生厕所的比例分别为78.45%,92.99%,100.00%,教学楼内有厕所的学校占比较低,分别为43.02%,51.65%和57.95%。初中男厕蹲位比合格率较高,分别为92.38%,92.86%和100.00%;小学女厕蹲位比合格率较低,分别为33.33%,53.06%和68.00%。有专人管理厕所的学校比例逐年增高,分别为29.07%,40.66%和69.32%,厕所室内和周围无肥皂或者洗手池的学校比例逐年降低,分别为53.49%,40.66%和1.14%。结论重庆市农村学校厕所卫生状况得到明显改善,但教学楼内和宿舍内厕所相对不足,女厕蹲位还应大幅增加,同时注意提升厕所管理质量。

Objective To understand rural school toilet sanitation conditions in Chongqing during the year of 2015 to 2017. Methods One primary school and one secondary school from each village were selected from five villages of each district.A total of 265 rural schools from 10 districts of Chongqing including 144 primary and 121 secondary schools were selected.Data was collected through access to information,field observations and on-site interview.Results The sanitation coverage rate was 78.45%, 92.99%,100%from 2015 to 2017,respectively.The coverage rate in teaching building was the lowest(43.02%,5E65% and 57.95%from 2015 to 2017,respectively).Male toilets in secondary schools showed high quality(92.38%,92.86%,100.00% for the year of 2015,2016 and 2017,respectively).However,the quality of female toilets in middle schools was poor(33.33%, 53.06% and 68.00%for the year of 2015,2016 and 2017,respectively).Daily sanitation management enhanced by year(29.07%, 40.66% and 69.32% during 2015 to 2017).Soap provision in school toilets decreased with year (53.49%,40.66% and 1.14% for the year of 2015 to 2017,respectively).Conclusion In the past three years,sanitation condition of rural school toilets in Chongqing has significantly improved.However,toilets in the teaching buildings and dormitories are relatively insufficient.More female-friendly toilet seats and daily sanitation management require further investment.