间充质干细胞治疗糖尿病的分子机制

Molecular mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of diabetes

糖尿病是一种以高血糖为主要表现的终身疾病,会导致多种严重并发症,目前尚无特效治疗方法。胰腺与胰岛移植曾被认为是治疗糖尿病的较有效的方案,但供体缺乏及免疫排斥等问题阻碍了其广泛应用。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)因其多向分化的潜能、免疫抑制的特性、抗炎的作用被认为是治疗糖尿病的理想细胞类型。多项体内外实验中,MSCs在糖尿病控糖治疗方面展现出了令人鼓舞的效果,临床上也开展了相应的试验,但目前尚存在一些不足或困惑,在MSCs改善糖尿病成为常规治疗前,还需进一步开展严格规范设计、多中心、大规模、双盲、安慰剂对照的实验研究。本研究对MSCs治疗糖尿病的分子机制进行了简要综述。

Diabetes is a kind of lifelong disease with high blood glucose,which can lead to a variety of serious complications,and there is no specific treatment at present.Pancreas and islet transplantation are considered to be the most promising treatment for diabetes,but its widespread application is hampered by the lack of donor and immune rejection.Mesenchymalstem cells(MSCs)are considered to be the ideal cell type for the treatment of diabetes due to their multidirectional potential,immunosuppressive properties and antiinflammatory effects.In a number of in vitro and in vivo experiments,MSCs have shown encouraging results in glycemic controll with diabetes.Clinical trials have also been carried out,but in which there are still many deficiencies or confusions.Before MSCs can improve diabetes mellitus as a routine treatment,strict and standardized design,multi-center,large-scale,double-blind and placebo-controlled experimental studies need to be further carried out.The molecular mechanism of MSCs in treating diabetes is briefly reviewed in this paper.