儿童急性呼吸道感染病毒研究进展

Research progress of acute respiratory tract infections in children

急性呼吸道感染是在世界范围内引起人类发病甚至死亡的较为常见的一种传染性疾病,影响所有年龄层的人群,尤其婴幼儿、老人和慢性病患者。呼吸道病毒能引起约50%的儿童肺炎,导致超过90%的婴儿毛细支气管炎。目前引起儿童急性呼吸道感染的病毒主要包括:呼吸道合胞病毒、流感病毒、副流感病毒、人类博卡病毒、人偏肺病毒、人冠状病毒、人腺病毒、鼻病毒。各种呼吸道病毒感染情况受时空因素、人群因素和检测方法等多个因素的影响而有所不同,导致出现不同的呼吸道感染病毒病原谱。

Acute respiratory tract infection(ARTI)is a common infectious disease that causes human morbidity and even death worldwide.It affects people of all ages,especially infants,the elderly and patients with chronic diseases.Respiratory viruses can cause about 50% of children′s pneumonia,leading to more than90% of infants with bronchiolitis.At present,the viruses causing acute respiratory tract infection in children mainly include respiratory syncytial virus,influenza virus,parainfluenza virus,human bocavirus,human metapneumovirus,human coronavirus,human adenovirus,human rhinovirus.Various respiratory tract virus infections are influenced by many factors,such as space-time factors,population factors and detection methods that lead to different pathogens spectrum.