多细胞生物干细胞不对称分裂的内在调节机制研究进展

Resea rch Progress of Intrinsic Regulation Mechanism of Stem Cell Asymmetric Division in the Multicellular Organisms

多细胞生物的发育是从一个受精卵分化成多种类型细胞的过程。细胞多样性形成的基础是不等分裂,不等分裂是干细胞自我更新和自我维持的关键。干细胞不等分裂有细胞内和细胞外两种调节机制。果蝇神经干细胞增殖和分化、植物胚胎发育、表皮气孔形成及根内皮层的分化,是研究不等细胞分裂调节机制最多的发育背景。本综述介绍了果蝇神经干细胞和植物胚胎发育早期、表皮气孔发生及根皮层内皮层中细胞不等分裂内在调节机制的研究进展。

The development of multicellular organisms is a process of differentiation from a fertilized egg into different types of cells. Cell diversity is based on asymmetric cell division, which is also the key to self-renewal and self-maintenance of stem cells. Asymmetric cell division of stem cells is regulated by both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Reproduction and differentiation of neural stem cells in Drosophila, early embryogenesis,epidermal stomatal formation, and the differentiation of endodermis in the root are the most important developmental background for researching the regulation mechanism of asymmetric cell divisions. This paper reviews the study progress of intrinsic regulating systems of asymmetric cell division in neural stem cells of Drosophila, and early embryogenesis, epidermal stomatal formation, and root endodermis in plants.