大学生考试作弊行为的性质:领域理论的视角

The Nature of Undergraduates' Cheating in Examinations:From the Perspective of Domain Theory

大学生考试作弊,因其与高校传授知识、追求真理的使命相背离,危害教育公平,降低高等教育公信力而备受关注。作弊的性质,学术界历来将之视为道德问题。然而,基于作弊普遍性及作弊与道德发展水平之间的正相关或零相关的事实,结合社会认知领域理论,提出假设:主流大学生将作弊视为社会习俗问题,而非道德问题。文章从领域理论视角出发,结合已有作弊实证研究成果,对此假设予以理论论证,并就如何减少和防范作弊提出相应的建议。

Undergraduates’ cheating in exams has attracted much attention because it deviates from the mission of colleges and universities to impart knowledge and pursue truth,endangers the educational fairness and reduces the credibility of higher education.The nature of cheating has always been regarded as a moral issue in academic circles.However,based on the fact of the prevalence of cheating and the positive or zero correlation between cheating and the level of moral development,combined with the theory of social cognitive domain,this paper puts forward the hypothesis:mainstream undergraduates regard cheating as a social custom problem,not a moral issue.From the perspective of domain theory,combined with the existing cheating empirical research results,this paper makes a theoretical demonstration of this hypothesis,and puts forward some suggestions on how to reduce and prevent cheating.