视觉工作记忆中非语义编码信息对注意捕获的影响:来自ERPs的证据

Attention Capture was Guided by the Contents of Non-semantic Coding Visual Working Memory:Evidence from ERPs

为了探讨视觉工作记忆中非语义编码信息对注意捕获的调节以及这种调节作用发生的阶段,本研究采用视觉搜索范式,以二维抽象对称图形为材料,被试为17名大学生,利用事件相关电位技术,研究不同视觉工作记忆内容影响注意捕获的电生理机制。结果发现:(1)无效信息条件(同侧,对侧)下的反应时显著长于中性条件;(2)同侧无效信息条件下的N2pc波幅显著增大,两侧无效信息条件下的P300波幅大于中性条件。结果表明,在注意加工的中期阶段,与视觉工作记忆中非语义编码项目特征相同的干扰刺激在视觉搜索过程中获得了注意资源竞争优势,干扰个体对靶刺激的注意捕获,且该效应持续至注意的晚期加工阶段。

In order to explore the moderating effect of non-semantic coding information on attention capture in visual working memory and the stages of such moderating effect, the 2-D abstractly symmetric graphics were chose as materials and visual search paradigm was used. The ERPs of seventeen graduate participants were recorded to investigate the electrophysiological mechanism of the effects of different visual working memory contents on attention capture. The visual working memory contents were divided into three conditions: ipsilateral invalid information、contralateral invalid information and neutral information.The results demonstrated that: The RTs of the invalid information(ipsilateral, contralateral) conditions were significantly longer than neutral condition.The N2 pc was enhanced under the condition of ipsilateral invalid information. The amplitude of the P300 was greater on ipsilateral invalid information and contralateral invalid information relative to neutral condition. The results suggested that the distractors with the same characteristics as nonsemantic coding items in visual working memory gained the competitive advantage of attention resources and interfered with the attentional capture of target stimuli during the middle stage of attention processing of visual search. And this effect lasted to the late processing stage of attention.