异位甲状腺的诊断及治疗分析

Diagnosis and treatment of ectopic thyroid

目的探讨异位甲状腺疾病的临床特点及诊治方法。方法回顾性分析2002年10月-2017年6月首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院和首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院收治的15例异位甲状腺(ETT)患者的临床资料,分析其临床特点、治疗方法及预后。15例患者中男性2例,女性13例。舌异位甲状腺8例,气管内异位甲状腺3例,甲状舌管异位甲状腺3例,咽后异位甲状腺1例。对患者采取门诊及电话随访。结果12例患者接受手术治疗,病理证实为异位甲状腺组织,其中2例为甲状腺乳头状癌。随访时间1~6年,主要症状均已消失,恶性患者无复发及转移。3例舌异位甲状腺患者未行治疗,选择观察随访,未见进展。结论异位甲状腺发病率低且形式多样,缺乏统一的治疗方案。临床医师在工作中需对各种肿物考虑到异位甲状腺及其各种伴发病变的可能,避免在无准备情形下将唯一有功能甲状腺组织彻底切除。

Objective To explore the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of ectopic thyroid lesions. Methods Retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 15 patients with eetopic thyroid tissue from Oct.2002 to Jun 2017 in Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University and Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University,and figured out the clinical features,therapy and prognosis.Among the 15 patients,there were 2 males and 13 females.There were 8 cases of lingual ectopie thyroid,3 cases of endotracheal ectopie thyroid,3 cases of thyroglossal duct ectopic thyroid,and 1 case of retropharyngeal ectopie thyroid.Follow-up were conducted during outpatient review or by telephone.Results Twelve patients received surgical treatment and the lesions were pathologically confirmed as ectopic thyroid tissue,including 2 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma.These patients were followed up for 1 to 6 years.Their main symptoms were alleviated and the malignant patients had no recurrence or metastasis.Three patients with lingual ectopic thyroid selected observation and follow-up without any treatment and no progress was observed.Conclusions The incidence of ectopie thyroid is low and the forms are diverse.The clinician should take the possibility of ectopie thyroid and its associated pathological changes into account to avoid the complete removal of the only functional thyroid tissue without preparation.