21世纪生态批评理论的多元互补

Multiple Complementarity of Ecocriticism in the 21^(st) Century

21世纪生态批评理论呈现新趋势,即物质性、叙事性和可持续性等多元理论的互补性。物质性肯定物质普遍存在的解释能力,物质皆有叙事力,物质与意义构成了"故事讲述的世界";叙事性意味着叙事在生态批评中得到认可,生态叙事研究对于生态批评做出了贡献,实现了环境叙事的理论化;可持续性与阿莱莫关于"可持续性"忽视非人类自然的观点相呼应,生态批评以"可持续性"文学为文本,激发读者思考从气候异变,到日常生活中水和能源的使用、交通、建筑和食物等现实层面相关的可持续性生活方式的可能性。生态批评多元理论之间形成了相互补充的关系,展现了克服二元对立思想和为保护环境而进行变革的趋势。

Ecocriticism in the 21st century reveals the complementarity of multiple theories,including materiality,narrativity and sustainability. Materiality recognizes the distributive nature of agency and the narrative agency of matter,suggesting that matter and meaning make a "storied world". Narrativity means narrative is recognized in Ecocriticism,econarrative scholarship is regarded as important contribution to ecocriticism,and Econarratology is the theorization of environmental narratives. Sustainability echoes Stacy Alaimo’s argument that sustainability discourse neglects non-human nature. Ecocriticism includes textual analysis of sustainability literature,stimulating readers to imagine the experience of climate change,and think about the possibility of a sustainable life style related with practical aspects of life,such as the use of water and energy,transportation,architecture,and food. The diversified theories that contribute to Ecocriticism complement with each other,and Ecocriticism indicates a trend to overcome dualism and reform for environmental protection.