论语言学与生态学融合的确指性研究

Referential Studies of the Fusion between Linguistics and Ecology

语言学与生态学融合既可能形成生态语言学,也可能形成语言生态学。欧美及国内学者普遍将豪根模式和韩礼德模式当作生态语言学的两种研究范式,俄罗斯也有部分学者持这一观点,但大多持不同看法。综合起来,现存五种表述,大致有等同观、并列观、包含与等同观、包含与并列观以及并列与交叉观。本文纵观不同学者对这一学科名称的观点,从学科出发点、研究范式、客体、对象、任务与内容、术语体系等方面进行分析,认为由生态学和语言学结合可形成"语言生态学"和"生态语言学",或"生态+语言"学。

The fusion between linguistics and ecology can become either ecolinguistics or linguistic ecology.The Haugenian approach and the Hallidayan approach are generally regarded as two paradigms of Ecolinguistics in academic circles in Euro-American and Chinese contexts. However, in Russia there are some scholars following this viewpoint but most scholars have different opinions. It can be seen that there are five different viewpoints: identical, parallel, inclusive & identical, inclusive & parallel and parallel & overlapping. This paper summarizes the different viewpoints on the issue, which are then analyzed from the perspectives of discipline foundation, research paradigm, research object, task, content and the terminological system. It is argued that the merge of ecology and linguistics can bring about linguistic ecology, ecolinguistics or ecological linguistics.