刺蒺藜对大鼠肾草酸钙结石的防治效果及机制

Control effect and mechanism of Tribulus terrestris in kidney calcium oxalate stone in rats

目的评价刺蒺藜预防和治疗大鼠肾草酸钙结石的效果及其可能机制。方法将60只健康清洁级雄性Wistar大鼠按照随机数字表法分为对照组、模型组、刺蒺藜低剂量预防组、刺蒺藜高剂量预防组、刺蒺藜低剂量治疗组、刺蒺藜高剂量治疗组,每组各10只。对照组大鼠自由进食水,模型组大鼠给予1%乙二醇自由饮水,刺蒺藜低剂量预防组大鼠给予1%乙二醇自由饮水同时添加刺蒺藜提取物250 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,刺蒺藜高剂量预防组大鼠给予1%乙二醇自由饮水同时添加刺蒺藜提取物500 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,刺蒺藜低剂量治疗组大鼠给予1%乙二醇自由饮水并于第15天时添加刺蒺藜提取物250 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,刺蒺藜高剂量治疗组大鼠给予1%乙二醇自由饮水并于第15天时添加刺蒺藜提取物500 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,直至实验结束。第28天,检测各组大鼠体重,血尿素氮、肌酐、P、Ca^2+、Mg^2+含量,24h尿量,24h尿Ca^2+、Mg^2+、P、草酸的分泌量,肾脏组织匀浆检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)、丙二醛含量。显微镜下观察肾脏病理切片草酸钙结晶沉积及病理变化情况。计量资料以均数±标准差(Mean4-SD)表示,组间比较采用LSD-t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析。结果与对照组相比,模型组大鼠血尿素氮[(28.93±3.37)mmol/L]、肌酐[(162.31±34.08)μmol/L]、尿草酸[(132.67±27.96)μmol/24 h]、Ca^2+[(18.24±1.94)μmol/24 h]、肾脏匀浆丙二醛[(191.04±20.56)nmol/mgprot]含量明显升高,血Ca^2+[(2.01±0.28)mmol/L]、肾GPX[(479.82±136.97)μmol/gprot]、SOD[(1.54±0.21)U/mgprot]含量明显下降,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肾脏组织病理学显示低剂量及高剂量预防组、治疗组大鼠肾草酸钙结晶均少于模型组,肾脏损伤较模型组减轻。结论刺蒺藜可以有效预防和治疗大鼠肾草酸钙结石,并保护肾功能。

Objective To evaluate the effect and mechanism of tribulus terrestris in kidney calcium oxalate stone in rats.Methods Sisty healthy male Wistar rats were divided into control group,model group,low-dose prevention group,high-dose prevention group,low-dose treatment group,high-dose treatment group by random number table method,each group of 10 rats.The control group was had free access to water,the model group was given 1% ethylene glycol had free access to water,and the low-dose prevention group was given 1% ethylene glycol had free access to water while was added in Tribulus terrestris extract 250 mg/(kg·d)treated by gavage,the highdose prevention group was given 1% ethylene glycol had free access to water while was added in Tribulus terrestris extract 500 mg/(kg·d)treated by gavage.The low-dose treatment group received 1%ethylene glycol had free access to water while was added in tribulus terrestris extract 250 mg/(kg·d)treated by garage on the 15th day. The high-dose treatment group received 1%ethylene glycol had free access to water while was added in tribulus terrestris extract 500 mg/(kg·d)treated by garage on the 15th day.At the end of the experiment on the 28th day, the body weight,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,P,Ca^2+,Mg^2+ content,24 h urine volume,24 h urine Ca^2+, Mg^2+,P,oxalic acid secretion,renal tissue homogenate detection of superoxide dismutase (SOD),glutathione peroxidase (GPX),malondialdehyde content of each group were detected.The crystal deposition and pathological changes of calcium oxalate were observed under the microscope.Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (Mean±SD),multiple comparisons between groups were performed using LSD-t test,and comparison between groups was performed by one-way anova analysis of variance.Results Compared with the control group,the rats in the model group had blood urea nitrogen (28.93±3.37)mmol/L,creatinine (162.31± 34.08)μmol/L,24 h uric acid (132.67 ±27.96)μmol,Ca^2+(18.24 ±1.94)μmol/24 h,the content of malondialdehyde (191.04±20.56)nmol/mgprot in kidney homogenate was significantly increased,blood Ca^2+ (2.01±0.28 )mmol/L,renal GPX (479.82±136.97)μmol/gprot,SOD (1.54±0.21 )U/mgprot decreased significantly,these differences were statistically significant (P <0.05 ).Renal histopathology showed low-dose and high-dose prevention and treatment groups kidney calcium oxalate crystals and kidney damage were less than the model group.Conclusion The extract of Tribulus terrestris has a beneficial effect against calcium oxalate urinary stone formation induced by ethylene glycol.