淮北抗日根据地减租减息研究

On Reduction of Rent and Interest in Huaibei Anti-Japanese Base Area

抗战前淮北区农村土地占有高度集中,地主经营方式高度依赖封建地租剥削,存在着迫切的减租减息斗争的社会要求。淮北区党和政府根据淮北区地方实际,探索适合本边区特点的减租减息政策,逐渐实现了正规化和科学化的统一。淮北区减租减息斗争,不仅是生产关系领域的变革,更是群众运动的重要组成部分,体现着群众路线和阶级路线的有机统一。减租减息引起淮北区农村社会发生有利于广大贫雇农、中农群众的变化,取得了显著的社会和经济效益。减租减息虽然不能彻底消灭淮北区农村的高利贷现象,但是减租后高利贷性质的农村信贷属于农村商品经济的正常借贷现象,可以通过政府社会支持的办法加以解决。

Before the Anti-Japanese War, land in Huaibei(region north of the Huaihe River) was concentrated in the hands of a few landlords, whose mode of operation was dependent highly on the exploitation of land rent.Hence, arose an urgent social demand to reduce land rent and interest on loans. In view of the situation, the Party and Government in the region explored to set up policy to reduce land rent and interest rates suitable for local conditions, and improved it steadily to make it sound and regular. The campaign to reduce rent and interest in Huaibei Region was both a reform in production relationship and an important part of mass movement, embodying the organic unity of the mass line and the class line. The campaign brought about marked changes beneficial to the poor peasants, farm labourers, and the middle-class peasants, and achieved remarkable social and economic benefits. Rent and interest reduction did not eliminate the phenomenon of high-interest loans in rural communities of the region, but the usury-type credit after the movement became the normal borrow-and-loan practice in the rural commodity economy, which can be solved through the government’s social support.