国家治理中的外部性问题及其对策

On the External Problems in State Governance and Countermeasures

国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的目标要求我们深入把握国家治理的理论逻辑。源于经济学的外部性理论对于深入理解国家治理问题、揭示国家治理中各种"不平衡不充分"发展问题的内在逻辑,提供了重要启示。社会转型过程中外部性问题加剧,引发的社会问题涉及多个领域,构成了理解近三十年来我国经济迅猛发展的同时社会发展相对滞后、社会问题多发的关键。治理外部性构成当前推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的关键一环,需同时发挥政府、市场和社会三种机制的作用。

The goal of modernizing China’s system and capacity for governance requires us to grasp the theoretical logic of governance. And the externality theory in economics provides important insights into the problems in state governance, and the inherent logic of various problems caused by "unbalanced and inadequate" development in state governance. As external problems intensify in the course of social transformation, they have triggered social problems in various areas, which offers the key to understanding China’s rapid growth in economy in the past three decades while its social development lags relatively behind and social problems occur frequently. Governance externality thus constitutes a key link in modernizing China’s system and capacity for governance, which requires that the three mechanisms, government, market and society, play their roles in tandem.