橡胶树体细胞胚成苗诱导及炼苗移栽对生长的影响

Seedling induction from somatic embryos and effects of domestication and transplant on growth of rubber tree(Hevea brasiliensis)

为提高橡胶树(Hevea brasiliensis)体胚植株的成苗率和移栽成活率,以橡胶树花药离体培养获得的成熟子叶形体细胞胚为试验材料,研究不同质量浓度的活性炭对橡胶树体细胞胚成苗诱导的影响,以及炼苗方式、体胚植株不同根系炼苗移栽对其生长的影响。结果表明:活性炭影响橡胶树体胚植株茎的伸长和侧根的形成,活性炭质量浓度为1.0 g·L^(-1)时成苗率最高,为69.44%,生成的侧根数多。移栽前室外炼苗有利于提高橡胶树体胚植株的成活率,闭瓶炼苗5～7 d后开瓶2～3 d移栽成活率最高,可达95.83%。生根数对体胚植株移栽成活率的影响大,侧根多的体胚植株移栽成活率达96.88%。

In order to improve the seedling induction rate and transplant survival rate from rubber tree(Hevea brasiliensis) somatic embryos, the mature cotyledonary somatic embryos obtained from in vitro culture of anthers of rubber tree were used as experimental materials to study the effects of different concentrations of activated carbons on the seedling induction from rubber tree somatic embryos. The effects of different seedling domestication methods and root system transplanting on the growth of somatic plants were also discussed. The results show that activated carbon affected the stem elongation and lateral root formation of somatic plants. The highest seedling induction rate was 69.44% when the concentration of activated carbon was 1.0 g·L^-1, and more lateral roots developed. The survival rate of somatic plants was improved by outdoor domestication before transplanting. The survival rate reached the highest after 5–7 days of close flask and 2–3 days of domesticating in open flask, and the survival rate was 95.83%. The number of rooting had a great effect on the survival rate of somatic plants, and the survival rate of somatic plants with more lateral roots was 96.88%.