空气二氧化硫暴露对高血压发病风险影响的荟萃分析

Meta-analysis of the effects of sulfur dioxide exposure on the risk of hypertension

目的系统性分析空气二氧化硫短期和长期暴露对高血压发病风险的影响。方法计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、CNKI、万方等数据库,检索年限为从建库起至2017年10月10日。依据纳入和排除标准,筛选空气二氧化硫暴露与高血压发病关系的研究;以优势比(OR)为效应量,各效应量以95%CI表示,采用STATA 12.0软件进行荟萃分析。结果最终纳入7项研究,共100 653例患者。荟萃分析结果显示,短期暴露于空气二氧化硫的人群高血压的发病风险比未暴露人群增加4%(OR=1.04,95%CI 1.01～1.07);相对于未暴露人群,长期空气二氧化硫暴露使高血压的发病风险增加15%(OR=1.15,95%CI 1.10～1.19)。以长期空气二氧化硫暴露人群的年龄进行亚组分析,结果显示:年龄≥18岁暴露人群高血压的发病风险较未暴露人群增加12%(OR=1.12,95%CI1.08～1.17),而5～17岁暴露人群的发病风险较未暴露人群增加33%(OR=1.33,95%CI1.21～1.46)。结论空气二氧化硫暴露可增加高血压的发病风险,二氧化硫暴露时间越长,发病风险亦越大。

Objective To systematically analyze the effects of short-term and long-term exposure to sulphur dioxide on the risk of hypertension. Methods The databases of PubMed,Web of Science,EMbase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,WanFang etc were retrieved. The search period was from the starting of the database to October 10,2017.Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria,studies on the relationship exposure to sulfur dioxide and hypertension were selected. The odds ratio(OR)with its 95%confidence interval(CI)was used as the effect size. The metaanalysis was performed by STATA 12.0software. Results A total of 7studies involving 100 653 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed the risk of hypertension increased by 4%(OR=1.04,95% CI1.01-1.07)in subjects exposed to sulfur dioxide for a short time,and by 15%(OR=1.15,95% CI1.10-1.19)in the population exposed for a long time,as compared with unexposed people. In subjects with longterm sulfur dioxide exposure,the subgroup analysis based on age showed that the risk of hypertension increased by 33%(OR=1.33,95% CI 1.21-1.46)in cases aged 5-17 years old and by 12%(OR=1.12,95% CI 1.08-1.17)in subjects≥18 years old when compared to the unexposed population. Conclusion Air sulfur dioxide exposure may increase the onset risk of hypertension. And the longer exposure time,the higher the risk.