基于FDS的古建筑火灾发展过程研究

Study on fire development process of ancient building based on FDS

以某砖木结构单层古建筑作为研究对象,利用FDS建模并对古建筑火灾进行数值模拟研究,分析火灾过程中热释放速率、火场温度、能见度和CO浓度变化规律,对古建筑火灾危险性进行综合评价。古建筑火灾过程中氧气供应不足为主要限制因素,火场热释放速率先升高再降低,之后再上升;火场内能见度低,CO浓度高,严重影响人员疏散与火灾扑救。火灾过程中古建筑屋顶与屋檐处积聚大量热量与烟气,易烧毁。

A single-story ancient building of brick and wood structure was researched,FDS was used to build the numeral model of the ancient building and the fire in it was simulated.The heat release rate,temperature,visibility and CO volume concentration of the fire were analyzed to evaluate the fire danger of ancient building comprehensively.Insufficient supply of oxygen was the main limiting factor of the fire of ancient building.The heat release rate of the fire rose at first and then decreased,then rose again.There were low visibility and high CO volume concentration in the ancient building during the fire,which increased the difficulty in evacuation and firefighting.During the fire,in the ancient building,the roofs and the eaves which accumulated a lot of heat and smoke were easy to burn out.