普通话广州变体声韵母的感知研究

A Perceptual Study on Initials and Finals of Putonghua Guangzhou Variation

普通话广州变体以往多被视为中介语,从习得偏误角度进行研究。有鉴于此,本研究由50位20岁至55岁的广州人对一位57岁广州发音人的广州变体录音进行听辨测试,结果表明发音人大部分发音特点都不被听辨为广州变体,只有"声韵母沿用或同音借用于广州话、声调跟普通话在调类上保持一致"会引起敏感。这说明民族母语意识使广州人将广州变体大部分发音特点归入民族共同语的可接受范围内,只有当相关特点出现时,方言母语意识才会使他们辨别出广州变体。此外,发音人的语音特点也反映出其利用了音似性和语音共性自发类推出广州变体的发音。广州变体在语言意识和语音共性上都有跟中介语不同的特点,说明其本质是一种普通话变体,是民族共同语的一部分。

Putonghua Guangzhou Variation has been always seem as interlanguage by academics and they often research it from view of error. On this account, the authors of this study will let 50 Guangzhou natives, who are from 20 to 55 years old, to do a listening test to distinguish recording of Putonghua Guangzhou Variation of a 57 years old Guangzhou native speaker. The result of test shows that a large part of phonological features will not be distinguished as coming from Guangzhou Variation, only "initial or final borrowing directly or through homophone relationship from Guangzhou Dialect, and tone category is same as Putonghua" can cause their sensitivity. This reveals that concept of national language makes Guangzhou natives attribute most phonological features of Guangzhou Variation into acceptable range of national common language, only when some relative features come out, concept of dialectal mother tongue makes them recognize recordings come from Guangzhou Variation. In addition, phonological features of the speaker reveal that he uses pronouncing similarity and phonological commons to analogy pronunciations of Guangzhou Variation spontaneously. The features of Guangzhou Variation on language concepts and phonological commons are different from interlanguage indicates that Guangzhou Variation is a kind of Putonghua Variation, and is a part of national common language.