复杂运营条件下重载货车车轮磨耗发展的数值预测

Numerical Prediction of Wheel Wear Development of Heavy-haul Freight Car Under Complex Operation Conditions

建立了复杂运营条件下重载货车车轮磨耗发展的数值预测模型,并编制了计算程序.基于Archard材料磨损理论,在车辆-轨道耦合动力学和轮轨滚动接触分析基础上进行磨耗分布计算;通过多工况仿真并引入权重因子来实现对实际复杂运营条件的模拟;采用自适应步长算法进行车轮型面更新,可有效改善数值模型稳定性和可靠性.基于所建模型对大秦铁路实际运营条件下货车车轮的磨耗发展过程进行预测分析,结果表明:随运行里程增加各车轮磨耗均不断增大,但磨耗发展呈逐渐减缓趋势.各车轮磨耗主要分布在名义滚动圆两侧走行区域,起导向作用的车轮磨耗分布范围更宽.各车轮在靠近轮缘侧的磨耗发展均更快,导向轮对车轮这一特征更为明显.计算结果验证了模型的合理性.

A numerical prediction model was established for wheel wear development of heavy-haul vehicle under complex operating conditions, and the corresponding calculating program was written.According to Archard’s material wear theory,the wear distributions were calculated based on the vehicle-track dynamics simulation and wheel-rail rolling contact analysis.Simulations were made respectively for every possible case and weight factors were introduced,in order to model the complex operating conditions.An adaptive step algorithm was adopted to update the wheel profile,which could improve the stability and reliability of numerical model.The wheel wear developing processes of heavy haul vehicle of Da-Qin railway under actual operating conditions were predicted based on the established model.The results show that the wear grows continuously with running distance increasing for every wheel,but the wear development shows a slowdown trend.The wear is mainly distributed in the contact area near nominal rolling circle,and the distribution range is wider for guiding wheel.The wear develops faster near the flange,which is more obvious for guiding wheel.The calculated results verified the rationality of the established model.