明万历焦竑刻本《陶靖节先生集八卷》考释

The Study of 8 Volumes of Tao Yuanming Collections in Wan-Li Period of the Ming Dynasty

二十世纪以来,学者们整理研究陶集时,往往把焦竑本视作宋刻陶集的一种,强调其校勘价值。仔细阅读焦竑本,并以之与现存宋本陶集对比,笔者认为,它应当是以明万历间李公焕本系统中的某种陶集为底本,并参校当时社会流传的其它陶集版本,以意删并,重自编订后的面貌。焦竑故意托言"友人以宋刻见遗""昭明旧本",以炫人耳目,自高其书,这也从侧面反映了明末士人"务为诞伪"的时代社会风气。事实上焦竑刻陶集所据的底本,只是众多明代刻本的一种,它保存的宋痒本佚文,可能出于窜改,目的是为了给那些他不赞成的"一作某"的异文,提供直接的版本依据。在没有确切证据的情况下,焦竑本的校勘价值,不宜太过强调,甚至需要重新评估。

Since the 20th century, scholars have taken Jiao Hong Edition as a kind of collections in Song Dynasty.After carefully reading the Jiao Hong Edition,and compared with the existing Song editions, we thinks that it should be based on Li Gonghuan Edition system in Wan-Li Period of the Ming Dynasty. Jiao Hong deliberately put forward the words that a friend gives him a Song Dynasty edition, to dazzle the eyes and ears, and raise the value of his book. As a matter of fact, the basic edition of Jiao Hong Edition is only one of the Tao Yuanming Collections in Ming Dynasty. The Song Xiang Edition, which is preserved by this collection is likely to be modified byiao Hong, in order to provide a direct version basis for the text that he does not approve of. In the absence of the exact evidence, the value of Jiao Hona Edition should not be overemphasized, and even need to be re-evaluated.