中国钩虫病防治进展

Progress in prevention and treatment of hookworm disease in China

钩虫病是严重危害中国人体健康的五大寄生虫病之一,2001—2004年全国人体重要寄生虫病现状调查结果显示,中国钩虫感染率为6.12%,且在部分地区钩虫感染率仍较高。随着人群感染土源性线虫虫种变化,钩虫成为感染的代表虫种,感染率显著高于鞭虫和蛔虫。钩虫病防治的重要手段是加强健康教育宣教,普及防治知识,增强群众防病意识,转变生产和生活方式,做好个人防护,避免感染;查治病人及带虫者,采取普查普治,集体驱虫等方式降低流行区人群的感染率,有效控制传染源;加强环境整治,通过改水改厕,粪便无害化处理等方式切断传播途径。此外,使用疫苗可以减少钩虫重复感染,对控制钩虫病有重要意义。本文就中国钩虫病防治的健康教育方式、药物治疗和疫苗研究进行综述。

Hookworm disease is one of the five major parasitic diseases seriously affecting human health in China. Theresults of the national survey on the status of important human parasitic diseases from 2001 to 2004 showed that the infectionrate of hookworm in China is 6.12%, and the infection rate of hookworm is still high in some areas. The infection rate ofhookworm is significantly higher than that of whipworm and roundworm. The important means of prevention and treatment ofhookworm disease is to strengthen the healthy education, popularize the knowledge of prevention and treatment, enhancepeople’s awareness of disease prevention, change production and life style, and positively protect to avoid infection.Investigating patients and worms, adopting universal census and collective deworming are useful ways to reduce the infectionrate of people in epidemic areas and effectively control the source of infection. Strengthening environmental remediation,improving water source and toilets, and harmless disposal of feces can effectively cut off the route of transmission. In addition,the use of vaccines can reduce the repeat infection of hookworm, which is of great significance for the control of hookwormdisease. This paper reviews the research on education, drug therapy and vaccine for the prevention and treatment of hookwormdisease in China.