中厚倾斜矿体导流放矿实验研究

Experimental study on diversion drawing of inclined medium-thick ore body

为了降低中厚倾斜矿体开采过程中的损失贫化,改革传统的矿岩接触形式,采用新型导流结构将覆岩与爆破矿石隔离。采用正交设计方法确定了9组实验方案,开展了斜壁导流放矿物理模拟实验。实验结果表明,与传统放矿方式相比,新型导流放矿能明显改善矿石损失贫化指标;采用极差分析法分析了矿体厚度、矿体倾角、分段高度三因素对矿石回收率、贫化率、回贫差的敏感性,得知矿体厚度对矿石回收率、贫化率的影响最为显著,分段高度对矿石回贫差的影响最为显著;作出了各因素对放矿指标影响的直观分析图,分析了各因素对放矿指标的影响规律。本研究为中厚倾斜矿体采矿技术经济评价和分段崩落法结构参数优化设计提供了依据。

To reduce the ore loss and dilution during the exploitation of inclined medium-thick ore body, a new diversion structure, which is used for separating blasted ore from waste rock, was proposed to improve the traditional contact form of ore and rock. Nine physical simulation experiments were determined by using the orthogonal design method to investigate the diversion drawing under inclined wall condition. Experimental results show that the diversion drawing could significantly decrease the ore loss and dilution rates in comparison with traditional drawing mode. The sensitivity analysis on ore body thickness, dip angle and sublevel height to ore recovery and dilution rate, difference of ore recovery and dilution were conducted by adopting the range analysis method. It is found that the ore recovery and dilution rates are markedly affected by the thickness of ore body. The sublevel height has the most significant impact on the difference of ore recovery and dilution. Moreover, intuitive analysis diagrams of the influence of various factors on ore drawing indexes were made, and its rules were analyzed correspondingly. This study could provide theoretical basis for technical and economic evaluation of mining technology and the optimization design of structural parameters in the sublevel caving process of inclined medium-thick ore body.