也论刘郁《西使记》不明地理问题

Restudy on the unidentified geographical issue in Liu Yu's "Xi-Shi-Ji"

刘郁《西使记》中记录常德过阿母河的一段行程,涉及"里丑、马兰、纳商、殢扫儿"四个地名,历来为学术界讨论的焦点。1887年布莱特施耐德将《西使记》译为英文,并作了详细的注释,对于上述四个地点,他认为考证困难。20世纪90年代,张广达、王小甫合撰有《刘郁〈西使记〉不明地理考》,对此进行了专题研究,提出常德所走路线为:湛木、马鲁察谷地、也里、你沙不儿一线,并在此路线上对上述四个地点进行了考证。本文根据穆斯林文献,结合13世纪呼罗珊的实际交通情况,提出常德所走的路线为:阿模里、马鲁、你沙不儿一线,即被称为"呼罗珊大道"的干路,常德所提及的四个地名均能在此路线上得到比对。

The records of Changde crossing the Amu Darya in"Xi-Shi-Ji"refer to the four places:Li-chou,Ma-lan,Na-shang and,Ti-shao-er",which has always been the hot topic of academic discussion.In 1887,E.Bretschneider translated the"Xi-Shi-Ji"into English associated with detailed annotations.About the four places,he thought to be difficult to identify.In 1990s,Zhang Guangda and Wang Xiaofu have written"On the unidentified geographical issue in Liu Yu’s‘Xi-Shi-Ji’".They pointed out the route that Changde has passed:Zamm,Maruchak,Herat,Nīshpūr,and conducted a research on the above four locations along this route.Since then,the academic community basically agreed with their opinion.While In my research,there are many problems in Mr.Zhang and Wang’s studies.According to the Muslim literature and the actual traffic conditions during the 13th century in Khorasan,I have proposed another route:Amul,Malu,and Nīshpūr,which is known as the"Khorasan Road".The four places Changde has passed through on his route are clearly identified.