跟骨单纯性骨囊肿的治疗进展

Recent advances in the treatment of calcaneal simple bone cyst

单纯性骨囊肿(simple bone cyst,SBC)属骨组织良性瘤样病变,好发于青少年及儿童,可累及全身所有骨骼,但一般多发生于肱骨、股骨及跟骨。跟骨为负重骨,因其特殊性,发生骨囊肿时易伴有病理性骨折,由于其起病隐匿、进展缓慢、临床症状及体征不明显,通常较难被发现,往往当患儿出现外伤、病理性骨折、疼痛或步态异常后才被发现。静脉阻塞是目前普遍被接受的发病机制,本病病因不明造成了临床治疗方案的多样化,目前的主要治疗方法包括保守治疗、手术治疗和微创手术治疗等。本文对近年来国内外跟骨单纯性骨囊肿治疗的相关文章进行综述,探讨相关治疗方法的利弊,为临床决策提供一定参考。

As a benign tumor-like lesion of bone tissue, simple bone cyst (SBC) occurs frequently in adolescents and children. Involving all bones, SBC is usually found in humerus, femur and calcaneus. Because of its association with thick bone, it is often accompanied by pathological fracture. Its diagnosis is problematic because of its insidious onset, slow progression and unobvious clinical symptoms and signs. It is usually diagnosed along with traumatism, pathological fracture or abnormal gait. Venous occlusion is currently a commonly acceptable pathogenesis. A wide diversity of clinical therapeutic options is determined by its undetermined etiology. Major treatments include conservative measures, surgery and minimally invasive regiment. This review has summarized the latest treatments of calcaneal SBC, discussed their advantages and disadvantages and offered some practical references for clinical decision-making.