刺激响应型纳米共给药系统的研究进展

Research progress for stimuli-responsive combination therapy system based on nanocarriers

纳米技术的进步对基于纳米载体构建的给药系统的发展产生了革命性影响。由于癌症机制的复杂性,单一药物治疗并不能取得满意的疗效,通过纳米载体同时负载作用机制不同的药物可以从多个通路杀伤癌细胞。除了化疗药物联用外,将药物与基因、抗体、蛋白或siRNA联用已成为近来的研究热点。利用肿瘤微环境内源性的刺激例如低pH值、强还原性、过表达的酶等,以及外部刺激如磁场、光、热、超声等,设计具有相应刺激响应性的纳米载体可以实现药物在病灶部位快速释放。本文将重点介绍刺激响应性纳米载体用于共同递送小分子化疗药物或生物分子的研究进展。

Advances in nanotechnology have revolutionized drug delivery systems which based on nanocarriers. Signal drug treatment can not achieve satisfactory therapeutic effects due to the complexities of cancer pathogenesis. Nanocarriers which simultaneously load multiple drugs acting through different mechanisms can attack cancer cells through distinct apoptotic signaling pathways. Besides of the combination of chemotherapeutics, combinations drugs with biological therapeutics like genes, antibodies, proteins or siRNAs have increasingly attracted tremendous attentions. Nanocarriers, which respond to a variety of intrinsic stimuli in tumor microenvironment like low pH, elevated redox potential, over–expressed enzymes as well as to externally applied stimuli such as magnetic field, ultrasound or light, have been developed to trigger site–specific drug release. In this review, we focus specifically on stimuli–responsive nanocarriers that incorporate various combinations of conventional small molecule chemotherapeutic agents and biologics.