国家形象的内涵及其结构:多学科的视角

Connotation and Construct of National Image: A Multidisciplinary Perspective

国家形象的研究存在产品观、总括观和折中观三个进路,形成了经济学、社会心理学、政治学和传播学四大研究视角。在偏差地图模型看来,国家形象具有认知成分与情感成分两大维度。在整合性"四维"模型看来,认知成分细化为功能性维度、规范性维度和审美性维度,情感成分则弱化为共情性维度。本文通过整合两种理论的合理成分,提出三因素模型,进一步认为国家形象存在认知成分、情感成分与意动成分等三个结构性要素。

The "national image" is important in the era of globalization and media.For the study of the national image,there are three approaches such as the view of the product,the generalized view and the neutrality view,and hence four major research perspectives(Economics,Social psychology,Politics and Communication) are constructed.BIAS map model in social psychology holds that the image of the country has two dimensions including the cognitive components(warmth and competence)and the affective components(contempt,compassion,admiration,and envy).The integrated four-dimensional model in communication studies postulates that the cognitive components should be refined into the functional dimension,the normative and the aesthetic dimensions,and the affective component should be weaken to the empathy dimension.By integrating the reasonable elements of these two theories,the three-factor model points out that there are the cognitive components(the functional dimension,the normative dimension and the aesthetic dimension),the affective components(admiration,contempt,pity,jealousy) and the active components(behavioral tendency and the nature of behavior) in the national image.