奥塔戈运动对膝关节置换术后老年患者平衡能力和害怕跌倒的影响

Effect of Otago Exercise Programme on balance ability and Fear of Falling in elderly patients with knee arthroplasty

目的 :分析奥塔戈运动对膝关节置换术老年患者平衡能力和害怕跌倒的影响。方法 :纳入符合标准的65例膝关节置换术后出院老年患者作为研究对象,按入院时间分为观察组33例,对照组32例。对照组患者接受常规功能锻炼指导,观察组患者在此基础上接受奥塔戈运动锻炼。采用Berg平衡量表、单条目问题法和修订版跌倒效能量表比较两组干预效果,并记录两组患者跌倒发生情况。结果:干预1个月后,观察组患者平衡能力得分、跌倒效能得分均高于对照组(P<0.01),观察组患者害怕跌倒发生率低于对照组(P<0.01),差异均有统计学意义;两组患者均未发生跌倒。结论 :奥塔戈运动可以提高膝关节置换术后老年患者的平衡能力和跌倒效能水平,降低害怕跌倒发生率及跌倒发生风险。

Objective: To explore the effect of Otago exercise programme on balance ability and Fear of Falling in elderly patients with knee arthroplasty. Methods: Sixty-five discharged elderly patients after knee replacement were included and divided into the observation group(33 cases) and the control group(32 cases) according to the time of admission. The routine functional exercise instruction and the flow Otago exercise programme were implemented in the control group and intervention group, respectively. The Berg balance scale, single item about falling fear and modified falls efficacy scale were used to evaluate the balance ability and fear of falling after the intervention, and the occurrence of falls in two groups was recorded. Results: The patients’ balance ability and the fall efficacy in the intervention group were higher(P<0.01), and the rate of falling fear was lower than that in the control group(P<0.01) after 1 month of intervention. No fall occurred in both groups. Conclusion: Otago exercise programme can improve the balance ability and fall efficacy of elderly patients after knee arthroplasty, and reduce the incidence of falling fear and the risk of fall.