中国马克思主义文学批评的政治话语

Political Discourse of Marxist Literary Criticism in China

文学批评话语表达着批评者的立场、态度和价值观念,而不同类型的政治话语会嵌入文学文本意义生产的过程中,形成对包括作者和读者在内的人群的激励与规训。文学批评政治话语能否达到其预设的效果,这与具体的语境和政治话语自身的特征有关。在文学批评实践中,各种政治话语会相互交织乃至更替,与社会政治文化背景的变迁密不可分。政治话语在日常生活中的流行会促使人们形成一些政治话语的习惯,从而导致文学批评有变为"政治批评"的可能。中国马克思主义文学批评的政治优先性品格,决定了政治话语在文学批评话语中占据较大的比例。

The discourse of literary criticism expresses the positions,attitudes and values of critics.Different types of political discourse are embedded in the meaning production process of literary texts and form incentives and discipline for people including authors and readers.Whether literary criticism of political discourse can produce its preset effect is not only related to the specific context,but also to the characteristics of political discourse itself.In the practice of literary criticism,various political discourse will interweave and even interchange,which is related to the changes of literary reality and social reality.The popularity of political discourse in daily life will form some political habits of people,which will lead to the possibility of literary criticism becoming"political criticism."The political priority of Marxist literary criticism in China determines the important role of political discourse in the discourse of literary criticism.