污染器械放置时间对清洗质量的影响

Effects of standing time on cleaning results for contaminated medical instruments

目的探讨污染器械放置不同时间后的清洗效果及最佳清洗时间段。方法选取2015年6月至2016年6月间中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院头颈手术中使用的3 000件齿牙类器械,采用随机数字表法分为实验1、2、3和4组及对照组,每组600件。实验1～4组器械在使用后分别放置2、4、6和12h后清洗,对照组器械在使用后10分钟内清洗。采用肉眼和放大镜下观察法及残留血污试纸法比较5组器械清洗效果。结果放置不同时间后清洗器械,肉眼观察清洗洁净度,组间有统计学差异(P <0. 05),放置12h组阳性率最高;残留血污测试判定清洗洁净度,组间有统计学差异(P <0. 05),放置4h组阳性率最高。结论污染后器械应遵循合理的清洗流程,尽快完成清洗处理,最佳清洗时间段为使用后4h之内。

Objective To investigate the cleaning results of contaminated instruments at different standing time and to identify the optimum cleaning time. Methods A total of 3 000 dental instruments for head and neck surgery were selected at Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College from June 2015 to June 2016 were selected. They were randomly divided in group 1,group 2,group 3,group 4 and the control group with 600 instruments in each group. For group 1 to 4,instruments were cleaned at 2,4,6 and 12 h of standing time,respectively. Instruments in the control group were cleaned immediately at 10 min of standing time. Cleaning results were assessed by naked eyes,under magnifying lens and residual blood tests. Results After visual inspection,there are significant differences between groups( P < 0. 05),in which the highest positive rate was the group with 12 h of standing time.There were significant differences between groups in the cleaning results when the instruments were assessed by residual blood tests( P < 0. 05),in which the highest positive rate was the group with 4 h standing time.Conclusion Contaminated medical instruments should be cleaned as soon as possible and the standing time should be less than 4 h.