论担保物权法定转换制度之入典——对物上代位规范表达路径的探索

On the Introduction of Legal Conversion of Security Interests into Chinese Civil Code——To Explore Precise Expression of Subrogation Principle of Security Interests

《物权法》关于担保物权物上代位的规整存在法律漏洞,即使是已有的规范也存有瑕疵,其或者对于代位物存在误解,或者对于代位物认识有失精准,或者从根本上对物上代位进行淡化处理。总之,涉及担保物权物上代位的规范不是合格的裁判规范。若要彻底纠正物上代位规范在表达方面的缺陷和失真,提升其诠释力,表面看需要优化语言表达,从根本上讲则须引入现行法缺失的"担保物权法定转换制度"。民法典编纂引入担保物权法定转换制度既是担保物权作为价值权的逻辑延伸,也是恪守物权法定原则的基本要求,同时也为实现担保物权人的优先受偿权提供了明确的规范依据和可靠的程序保障。

There exist some legal loopholes related to subrogation principle of security interests in the Chinese Property Law. And even the existing provisions are flawed,they either have misunderstandings,or lack of the accuracy,or even fundamentally desalinate the superposition of matter. In a word,the provisions concerning subrogation principle aren’t executable norms of decision. To eradicate the expression defect and distortion,not only should the words of the provisions be polished,but also the legal conversion of security interests adopted. The legal conversion system should be introduced into Civil Code not only because it consists with the logical deduction that the security interest is a kind of value real property right. Meanwhile,it also conforms to the numerus clausus principle and reinforces the protection of the creditor when there are interest conflicts between the creditor and the unsecured creditors or the infringers. Finally,it also can ensure the secured creditor have a right of priority under an explicit legal ground and in a normal procedure.