学龄前儿童中度肥胖危险因素的病例对照研究

Risk factors of moderate obesity in preschool children: a case-control study

目的了解广州部分地区学龄前儿童中度肥胖的主要影响因素,为儿童中度肥胖的预防和控制提供基础资料。方法2016年9月在广州市花都区10所幼儿园中,随机选取35名年龄2～6岁的中度肥胖儿童,按1∶4的比例与140名同性别、同身高、同年龄的正常儿童配对,通过问卷调查方法进行儿童肥胖影响因素的病例对照研究。结果本次病例对照研究结果表明,遗传因素和环境因素对学龄前儿童中度肥胖均有影响。学龄前儿童中度肥胖危险因素主要是进食速度快、体力活动少,父亲BMI指数高。结论学龄前儿童中度肥胖的危险因素多与生活行为方式密切相关,应加强对家长和幼教人员的营养教育,增强其健康意识,培养儿童良好的饮食和运动习惯,从而达到有效预防和控制儿童肥胖的目的。

Objective To survey the main influencing factors of moderate obesity among preschool children in partial area of Guangzhou,provide basis data for prevention and control of moderate obesity in preschool children. Methods Thirty-five children with moderate obesity aged 2-6 years old were randomly selected from 10 kindergartens in Huadu District of Guangzhou city in September 2016,140 normal children of the same gender,height,and age were selected as control group. A questionnaire was used to survey the influencing factors of obesity in children. Results Genetic factors and environmental factors had impacts on moderate obesity in preschool children. The main risk factors of moderate obesity in preschool children included fast eating speed,low physical activity,and high paternal BMI. Conclusion Most of the risk factors of moderate obesity among preschool children in Guangzhou are related to dietary and physical behaviors. To effectively prevent and control childhood obesity,nutritional education of parents and kindergarteners,and healthy consciousness should be enhanced,good dietary and exercise habits of children should be cultivated.