鸭稻系统中水稻地上部对土壤振动的响应

Responses of aboveground part of rice to simulated vibration in soil

鸭稻共作中存在多种影响水稻生长和稻田微生境的生物行为。为阐明鸭子振动土壤对水稻地上部的影响,采用定量振动装置,设计了9 s(SV9)、39 s(SV39)、90 s(SV90)和0 s(对照) 4个强度对水稻施加机械振动刺激。结果表明:振动21天后,高强度振动处理SV90显著降低了叶表面积和叶绿素含量,中等强度振动处理SV39显著提高水稻叶片的可溶性蛋白含量; SV9、SV39和SV90的植株N含量比对照增加了20%、16%和12%; Mg含量上升了25%、20%和11%,Ca含量上升了24%、15%和8%;低强度处理SV9显著增加了叶片SOD活性;低强度处理SV9和中等强度处理SV39显著均提高了叶片POD活性和CAT活性;高强度处理SV90导致叶片丙二醛含量显著升高;低强度处理SV9提高了速效氮和速效磷含量;土壤振动改变了水稻地上部形态和生理特征,研究结果可为设计调控水稻生长的机械刺激装置提供技术参数。

In rice-duck farming system,diverse duck behaviours may influence rice growth and the microenvironment. Here,a pot experiment was conducted to clarify the effects of soil vibration that simulated the duck trampling on the aboveground part of Oryza sativa. Four intensities of soil vibrations including 0( CK),9( SV9),39( SV39),90( SV90) s·d-1·pot-1were applied for 21 days,using a handmade device to simulate the vibration of duck activities. High intensity of vibration( SV90) significantly reduced leaf surface area and leaf chlorophyll content. The moderate intensity of vibration( SV39) significantly increased soluble protein content. The N contents in the aboveground parts in SV9,SV39 and SV90 treatments increased by 20%,16%and 12% respectively. The Mg contents in SV9,SV39 and SV90 treatments increased by 25%,20% and 11%,respectively,while Ca contents increased by 24%,15% and 8%,respectively.The low intensity of vibration( SV9) increased leaf SOD activity,while both the low intensity and moderate intensity of vibrations increased the leaf POD activities. The moderate intensity of vibration significantly enhanced the leaf CAT activity. The high intensity of vibration significantly increased the content of malondialdehyde in leaves. The low intensity of vibration increased the contents of available N and available P. Our results suggest that soil vibration has significant effects on the morphological and physiological characteristics of the aboveground parts of rice,providing technical parameters for the design of mechanical stimulators to control rice growth.